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Long-term Disability insurance

Long-term disability (LTD) insurance provides income replacement if you are unable to work for an extended period due to illness or injury. It ensures financial stability by paying a percentage of your regular income, typically between 60 and 85 percent, after you have been disabled for a specific waiting period known as the elimination period. LTD benefits continue until you recover, reach a set benefit end date, or reach retirement age, depending on the terms of the policy.

This type of insurance is especially important for protecting your ability to earn a living and maintain your financial obligations, such as rent, mortgage payments, and everyday expenses. Coverage can be provided through an employer’s group benefits plan or purchased individually. Group plans usually define disability as the inability to perform your own occupation for a certain period, after which the definition may change to any occupation you are reasonably suited for.

Example:

If you earn $6,000 per month and become unable to work due to a back injury, your long-term disability policy with 70 percent coverage would pay $4,200 per month after a 90-day elimination period, continuing for as long as you remain disabled under the policy definition.

What to Watch For:

Review how your policy defines disability, as this determines when and for how long benefits are payable. Check whether benefits are taxable, which depends on who pays the premiums. Understand how offsets work, as other income sources such as Canada Pension Plan Disability (CPP-D) may reduce the LTD amount you receive.

Related Terms

Effective Date

The effective date is the day your insurance coverage officially begins. From this date forward, you are eligible to receive benefits for covered health, dental, life, or disability expenses under the terms of your policy. The effective date is established once your application has been approved, all requirements are met, and the first premium payment has been received, unless otherwise specified in the policy.

Policy (Contract)

A policy, also referred to as a contract, is the legally binding agreement between an insurance company (the insurer) and the policyholder that defines the terms, conditions, and obligations of coverage. It outlines what is insured, the benefits provided, the premium amount, exclusions, and the responsibilities of both parties. Once the insurer accepts the application and the first premium is paid, the policy becomes active and enforceable.

Misstatement of Age

Misstatement of age occurs when the age of the insured person is recorded incorrectly on an insurance application or policy. Because age is a key factor in determining eligibility, premiums, and benefit amounts, any error - whether accidental or intentional - can affect the terms of coverage. The misstatement may be discovered during underwriting, at the time of a claim, or during a policy review.

Short-term Disability Insurance

Short-term disability (STD) insurance provides temporary income replacement when you are unable to work for a limited period due to illness, injury, or surgery. It helps protect your income during the early stages of a disability, usually before long-term disability (LTD) benefits begin. This coverage ensures financial stability while you recover and are expected to return to work within a few weeks or months.

Lapsed Policy

A lapsed policy is an insurance contract that has ended because the required premium was not paid within the grace period. Once a policy lapses, coverage stops, and the insurer is no longer obligated to pay any benefits for claims incurred after the lapse date. A lapse can occur in any type of insurance - including health, dental, life, or disability - when the policyholder fails to make a payment by the due date and does not bring the account up to date before the grace period expires.

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